

For all other clinical situations, this is unclear and should be avoided. In patients with peripheral artery disease no beneficial effect was noted for the combination therapy, perhaps with an exception of those with graft failure. Only in patients with mechanical heart valves the benefits and safety of combining aspirin with VKA therapy seems obvious. So far, decisions about the combined use of aspirin and VKA are individualized in the absence of adequate data. The variation in clinical outcomes and bleeding complications suggests that extrapolating from one indication to another may not be appropriate. The vitamin K- dependent coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X require -carboxylation for their procoagulant activ- ity, and treatment with VKAs results in. However, there is no consensus about additional aspirin use in the most common indications for VKA or the use of VKAs to be added to the most common aspirin indications. distraction from other management priorities (e.g. The harms are often well quantified and are an important determinant of the threshold for antidote use. Based on their mode of action, it is reasonable to expect that the combination therapy of aspirin and a vitamin K antagonist (VKA) may be more beneficial in preventing (athero) thrombotic complications in high-risk patients for cardiovascular events. Many antidotes have an excellent safety profile (e.g. How many types of antidote are there Antidotes developed for treatment of nerve agent intoxication can be divided into two types: prophylaxis, as preexposure administration of antidotes and post-exposure treatment, consisting of anticholinergic drugs, AChE reactivators, and anticonvulsants.
